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Commercial Brackish Water RO Units |
In September 2008, Pure Aqua successfully manufactured and supplied to a major water treatment company in Dubai UAE, more than 15 units of Commercial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis (BWRO) Units to produce different capacities between 1,500 GPD to 6, 000 GPD at a maximum 2000 ppm feed water TDS.
Reverse osmosis occurs when the water is moved across the membrane against the concentration gradient, from lower concentration to higher concentration. To illustrate, imagine a semi-permeable membrane with fresh water on one side and a concentrated aqueous solution on the other side. If normal osmosis takes place, the fresh water will cross the membrane to dilute the concentrated solution. In reverse osmosis, pressure is exerted on the side with the concentrated solution to force the water molecules across the membrane to the fresh water side.
Reverse osmosis is often used in commercial and residential water filtration. It is also one of the methods used to desalinate seawater. Sometimes reverse osmosis is used to purify liquids in which water is an undesirable impurity (e.g., reclaimed waste water, ethanol). |
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Sea Water Reverse Osmosis Unit |
Seawater reverse osmosis system was manufactured and supplied by Pure Aqua in March 2008 for a water treatment company in Yemen, the end user is a major shopping mall in Yemen.
The total capacity is 40,000gpd of product water used for drinking, cooling tower and irrigation purposes. |
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Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis Unit |
Reverse Osmosis is a pressure driven process that raises the water pressure on the high TDS (source water) side of the membrane to well above the osmotic pressure and forces the water to flow through the membrane to the low TDS (product water) side of the membrane.
Reverse Osmosis also known as hyper filtration, is used to purify water and remove salts and other impurities. It is also capable of rejecting bacteria, sugars, proteins, dyes, and other constituents. |
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Industrial Sea Water Reverse Osmosis Unit |
In January 2009, Pure Aqua supplied 2x200m3/day Industrial Sea Water Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Unit to a major treatment company in Azerbaijan. The complete SWRO Units were completed with advanced PLC, colored touch panel screen, prechlorination, multi media filters, antiscalant dosing, dechlorination dosing, post chlorination, cleaning and flushing system, |
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2 Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis Units Egypt |
In December 2008, Pure Aqua successfully supplied two Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis (BWRO) Units for Coca Cola Company, Egypt. Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis Units are 634,080 GPD product water. The complete BWRO Units were supplied with pre and post treatment using advanced PLC control, colored touch panel, data acquisition software, and soft starters. Water is one of the cornerstones of the beverage industry and the quality of the raw water can make or break the quality of the beverage. Beverage manufacturers of beverages and bottlers of mineral water will place entirely different requirements on the composition of the raw water that they need. However, whatever the type of beverage you are involved in, the user will require hygienic, perfect water for production or filling. It must not contain anything that will influence smell or taste, cause haze, influence the manufacturing process or leave corrosion deposits in the system or on bottles. |
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Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis Unit Tunis-Tunisia |
In July 2008, Pure Aqua supplied an industrial brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO) unit for major water treatment company in Tunisia. The capacity of this brackish water reverse osmosis unit is 43,000gpd product water at 4,500ppm feed TDS. |
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3 Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis Units (total of 6000 m3/day) |
As municipalities seek new water sources to augment fresh water supplies, water reuse and reclamation are gaining in popularity. Reuse is an economic and environmentally sound solution that uses less energy and reduces overall waste compared to the alternative solution, seawater desalination.
Low-pressure membranes based processes for water reuse have been proven to meet stringent standards. Their advantages include: a physical barrier to biosolids, pathogens, bacteria and nutrients; the flexibility to handle changing wastewater characteristics and plant capacities; fully automated and simple operation; a significant reduction in footprint and operating costs, delivering the lowest cost per volume treated. Low-pressure membranes are commonly used for post-secondary clarification processes for tertiary filtration, and after biological processes such as membrane bioreactors (MBRs).
In September 2008, Pure Aqua successfully manufactured and supplied three Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis (BWRO) Units for reclaimed water, Dubai, UAE. Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis Units are designed to produce 3 x 2000 m3/day. The complete BWRO Units were supplied with pre and post treatment using advanced PLC control.
Pure Aqua, Inc. modular design and the use of fiber reinforced pressure vessels, Grundfos multi stage SS pump, advanced PLC control panel with colored touch panel, make these modular units one of the most compact units in the water treatment industry.
The overall reverse osmosis water treatment plant design used a total of 378 reverse osmosis low-pressure membrane elements housed in 54 pressure vessel assemblies.
The plant is designed as three identical stand alone operating trains which provide more operating flexibility.
Reverse Osmosis also known as hyper filtration, is used to purify water and remove salts and other impurities. It is also capable of rejecting bacteria, sugars, proteins, dyes, and other constituents that have a molecular weight of greater than 150-250 Dalton. A full line of brackish and seawater reverse osmosis can be viewed at our website: www.pure-aqua.com |
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Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis Unit USA |
In July 2008, Pure Aqua successfully supplied Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis (BWRO) system to produce 144,000 GPD of product at 77°F using (20) 8"x40" Hydranautics ESPA1 membrane elements, (4) 5M FRP pressure vessels, SS multistage Grundfos CRN pump, microprocessor based controls and a digital conductivity and ORP read out, 460V/3ph/60Hz. |
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Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis System (BWRO) OLS Technology |
Pure Aqua successfully supplied a skid-mounted Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis (BWRO) system in 2007. The system produces 100gpm of product at 77°F using (20) 8"x40" Hydranautics ESPA1 membrane elements, (4) 5M FRP pressure vessels, SS multistage pump, microprocessor based controls and a digital conductivity and ORP read out, 460V/3ph/60Hz |
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Twin Multi-Media Filters, Double Pass RO, Electrodeioniztion Hawaii Power Plant, USA |
In December 2006, Pure Aqua successfully supplied to a major power plant in HI, USA, a water treatment package consisting of twin Multi-Media Filters, model: MLF-48A-F-twin, Pretreatment System, Double Pass Reverse Osmosis Unit System, Electrodeionization System (EDI), Storage System, and RO cleaning system. |
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Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis System (BWRO) Major heavy machine company |
In 2006, Pure Aqua successfully supplied, to a major heavy machine company, a water treatment package consisting of a Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis System (BWRO) to produce 80gpm of product from 113gpm feed, twin MLF-48A-F multimedia filters, twin ACF-48A-F activated carbon filters, antiscalant chemical dosing, and dechloronation dosing system. |
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Pure Aqua Supplies Industrial BWRO System For NVE Pharmaceutical |
In 2004, Pure Aqua successfully supplied an Industrial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis (BWRO) system for NVE Pharmaceutical Factory in New Jersey. Two-train brackish water reverse Osmosis system has capacity of 160,000 GPD product water. The complete BWRO system was supplied with pre-chemical dosing system and membrane cleaning skid. |
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Pure Aqua Supplied an Industrial Seawater RO System Aysir Tourism Resort in Turkey |
In 2004, Pure Aqua, Inc. manufactured and supplied an industrial seawater reverse osmosis (RO) system for the Aysir Tourism Resort in Turkey. The system consists of two independent units with a total capacity of400m3per day of product water. The system consists of two independent units with a total capacity of 400m3per day of product water. Prior toPure Aqua’s involvement, RO pilot installations had been employed on thesite with limited success. Membranes became fouled and/or scaled, and the owners were not convinced that the RO equipment would provide adependable long-term water supply for the property. Shipping potable water by truck became a likely means of supplying the resort. Background Because of the Aysir Tourism Resort’s location, city or municipal water was not available. In addition, because of the resort’s close proximity to the sea,well water in the area was 40,000 ppm or more TDS. It was estimated that the resort would need as much as 400 m3per day to meet its potable and irrigation water needs. After careful analysis of the resort’s needs and location, the technical staff of Pure Aqua, Inc., a manufacturer and wholesale distributor of RO systems and components for industrial and commercial applications located in Irvine, California, decided that a seawater RO was the most effective and efficient method of obtaining the quality and quantity of water necessary for the resort’s daily operations. |
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Pure Aqua Supplied 30+ Commercial BWRO Systems to Saudi Arabia |
Pure Aqua, Inc.successfully supplied more than 30 Commercial Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis (BWRO) systems to a major real estate sector in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia in 2003. Custom made systems capacities are between 3,000GPD and 10,000GPD of product water used for drinking and irrigation purposes. The feed water TDS is about 5,000PPM. BWRO systems were also supplied with membranes cleaning skids. |
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Pure Aqua Supplied 30+ Commercial BWRO Systems to Saudi Arabia1 |
Reverse Osmosis is a pressure driven process that raises the water pressure on the high TDS (source water) side of the membrane to well above the osmotic pressure and forces the water to flow through the membrane to the low TDS (product water) side of the membrane. Reverse Osmosis also known as hyper filtration, is used to purify water and remove salts and other impurities. It is also capable of rejecting bacteria, sugars, proteins, dyes, and other constituents. |
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Brent Stewart - Applications Engineer |
Pure Aqua, Inc. manufactures a full line of Ultrafiltration (UF) systems. UF is a pressure driven membrane separation process that removes suspended or particulate matter (including colloids & silt) from water. The solution is far more reliable than a conventional multimedia filter that removes approximately 10-20+ micron or larger matter where a UF membrane pore size ranges from 0.01 to 0.10 micron. In addition to superior turbidity removal, UF membranes efficiently remove bacteria and most viruses. |
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MBR Article: Brent Stewart - Applications Engineer |
The Membrane BioReactor (MBR) is a state of the art pre-engineered sewage treatment system utilizing Pure Aqua’s water treatment expertise with Toray’s submerged membrane technology. The membrane separation process eliminates the conventional sedimentation tank and allows high volumetric loading (high MLSS), resulting in a smaller footprint. The MBR can produce high quality effluent with high BOD5 removal (about 98%), complete nitrification and partial de-nitrification and achieves virtually complete TSS removal.
The MBR unit uses Toray flat sheet membranes immersed in the process tank in direct contact with the mixed liquor. Air injected from a manifold at the bottom of the membrane assembly help keep the membrane surfaces clean as well as supply oxygen for biological growth. MBR is equipped with a high level of automation, ensuring the plant’s simple operation and low maintenance cost.
Using membranes to separate sludge ensures higher quality treated water free from suspended solids. Membranes can retain activated sludge at high concentrations, resulting in more efficient BOD and nitrogen removal. The membrane has an immense number of minuscule pores delivering stable and high water permeability with minimal clogging and higher permeated water quality.
Packaged MBR STP plants are ideal for camps, hotels and/or temporary construction sites. The high effluent quality makes the permitting process much easier (to discharge the wastewater). Most importantly, the systems are compact and mobile. Furthermore the process is not as operator dependent as conventional treatment. The physical barrier of a membrane gives a much more consistent product water versus clarification that is dependent on controlling MLSS levels and types of ‘bugs’. Regarding sludge, if it is not dewatered onsite, it can simply be trucked away, taken directly from the bioreactor. The high MLSS and aeration rates of the MBR process acts like a digester, decreasing sludge production compared to conventional treatment.
To see Pure Aqua’s standard line of packaged MBR equipment visit our website: http://www.pure-aqua.com/ultrafiltration-systems-1.html |
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TOC Article: Brent Stewart - Applications Engineer |
TOC stands for, it includes all organics that contain carbon except for CO2, bicarbonate and carbonate. TOC is common on the NE coast of America where vegetative matter leaches tannins into the water giving it a tea like color. The naturally occurring TOC is typically negative charged colloids or suspended water. Ideally, RO feed water would have less than 3 ppm of TOC. Anthropogenic (man-made) sources of TOC can contribute significantly higher levels.
Oxidation of TOC in potable water supply creates THM's which is carcinogenic. Municipalities require TOC reduction before chlorination to remain under the THM target set by the EPA. There are a number of techniques for the removal or reduction of TOC including, coagulation/flocculation, activated carbon, oxidation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis and nano- filtration.
For low levels of TOC, RO/NF technology is ideal, with the combination of post UV treatment, TOC levels can be lowered to trace amounts. Nanofiltration (NF) membranes are well suited for TOC reduction while maintaining minerals in the water. The selection of RO or NF membranes is a function of the molecular weight (size) or the organic molecules, their distribution and rejection requirements. As a general rule, Hydranautics states a molecular weight of less than 200 are rejected at levels greater than 99%.
Pure Aqua, Inc. specializes in RO/NF technology, to see Pure Aqua's standard line of packaged RO equipment visit our website: http://www.pure-aqua.com/reverse-osmosis-systems.html. |
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Date: July,2010 |
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NF Article: Brent Stewart - Applications Engineer |
Nanofiltration is essentially identical to Reverse Osmosis, however rejection is in the approximate range of 1 nanometer, hence the name 'Nanofiltration'. A general rule of thumb to remember the relative size and rejection of different membranes and technology is to start with RO and multiply by 10; RO is in the range of 0.001 microns (1 micron = 1/1000 mm, 1 inch = 25.4 mm), Nano, 0.01, UF, 0.1 and MF, 1 micron. Nano membranes will remove some soluble salt and metal ions and larger organic molecules (200-400 are well rejected).
The technology is well suited for TOC (& color) and hardness reduction, while maintaining other dissolved ions in the water. Dissolved salt rejection varies from 20% - 98%, hardness is well rejected as calcium and magnesium act like a larger molecule do to their multivalent charge and the polarity of water (the ions attract water molecules forming a sheath around the ion). Monovalent anions are poorly rejected 20-80%, while divalent ions are rejected up to 98%. Another application for NF membranes is radium removal, rejection is approximately 85%. One of the biggest advantages of NF membranes is operating pressures, they run at much lower transmembrane pressures (50-225 PSI) compared to RO.
Pure Aqua, Inc. specializes in RO/NF technology, to see Pure Aqua's standard line of packaged RO equipment visit our website: http://www.pure-aqua.com/reverse-osmosis-systems.html. |
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Date: July,2010 |
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